Mathematics education and policy. Part One.

Matemática Educativa y su política. Parte uno.

La matemática educativa tiene también su política, he estado leyendo sobre muchas investigaciones que hace la Unión Europea, y realmente pareciera que nos llevan muchos años de adelanto a mi país, México.

Para la Unión Europea la medición en educación matemática ha sido de vital importancia en la planeación y modificación del currículo escolar, el rendimiento y el impacto en la vida cotidiana del estudiante. Dicha medición se ha realizado en los últimos años con diferencias de género, resultando las niñas perjudicadas en todas las pruebas presentadas.

De acuerdo a la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO), 31 millones de niñas de educación primaria no están escolarizadas, dos tercios de los 774 millones de analfabetos en el mundo son mujeres, y representan las dos terceras partes del total de ciudadanos más pobres del planeta. Dentro de sus desafíos están el de garantizar que las niñas y mujeres reciban una educación de calidad en todos los niveles de enseñanza (UNESCO, 2014).

Los estudios realizados en distintos países de la Unión Europea a través de pruebas internacionales en relación con matemáticas, muestran que las niñas presentan un rezago en habilidades matemáticas en comparación con los niños, mismos que es influenciado principalmente por su contexto familiar y por problemas con su autoestima frente a las matemáticas. Los niños conforme van avanzando en los estudios presentan más seguridad y pueden seguir desarrollando sus habilidades matemáticas, mientras que las niñas pierden la confianza en sus conocimientos matemáticos (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Comisión Europea, 2010 y 2011).

La competencia matemática ha sido considerada por la Unión Europea como una de las competencias clave para el desarrollo personal, la ciudadanía activa, la inclusión social y la empleabilidad en la sociedad del conocimiento del siglo XXI.

IN ENGLISH

Mathematics education has its politics, I've been reading a lot of research on the European Union does, and it really seems that we have many years ahead of my country, Mexico.

For the European Union the measurement in mathematics education has been vital in the planning and modification of the curriculum, performance and impact on daily life of the student. This measurement has been made in recent years with gender differences, resulting in injured girls all the evidence presented.

According to the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 31 million girls of primary school do not attend school, two-thirds of the 774 million illiterates in the world are women, representing the two thirds of the total world's poorest citizens. Among its challenges are to guarantee that girls and women receive a quality education at all levels of education (UNESCO, 2014).

Studies in different countries of the European Union through international evidence in relation to mathematics, showing that girls have a lag in math skills compared to children themselves which is mainly influenced by their family background and problems with their esteem towards maths. Children as they progress in studies present more security and can further develop their math skills, while girls lose confidence in their mathematical skills (Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. European Commission, 2010 and 2011).

Mathematical competence has been considered by the European Union as one of the key skills for personal development, active citizenship, social inclusion and employability in a knowledge society of the twenty-first century.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

Malala, tu política. PART TWO.

Quién es Malala?, puedes checarlo aquí, que tengo de otro blog hace meses.

Who is Malala?, you can check it here, I have another blog for months.


EN ESPAÑOL:

Malala también fue desplazada antes de su atentado, como sucede ahora en Siria. Tardé en retomar la escritura de Malala, porque habla de tantas cosas en su libro, es como si realmente fuera otro mundo del que ella nos platica y estamos tan alejados de su realidad... y a la vez no.

En cuestión de la educación, mientras allá niñas han muerto por acudir a la escuela, las instalaciones escolares han sido voladas en pedazos con profesores y alumnos dentro, por el simple hecho de permitir entrar a las niñas... mientras que aquí en Morelia, hay personas que se dan el "lujo" de pagar por una educación secundaria de sus hijos unos $150,000 pesos mexicanos.

Mientras allá el poder tener acceso a libros, acudir desayunados es un lujo, aquí muchísimas personas que sin tener una posición económica holgada, deciden meter a sus hijos en escuelas privadas, por que sus hijos tengan una mejor "calidad" de estudios, por pertenecer a una clase social que en su gran mayoría no les corresponde, en fin, se hace un "gran sacrificio" el pagar tanto dinero, como si eso les fuera a garantizar el éxito de su futuro.

Aquí en mi país, se ha desvalorizado la escuela pública, pero con lo que se paga una escuela privada secundaria o preparatoria los padres podrían comprar una propiedad, tal vez la mitad de una casa pequeña, un terreno, o comprarse un auto nuevo, por poner un contexto.

Aquí en mi país hay cientos y cientos de personas que no concluyen sus estudios por flojera, no se titulan, no continúan preparándose.

Estamos completamente desfasados de lo que viven en otros países, sumergidos en la visión que los principales países nos quieren vender.

Para Malala es muy simple el hecho, simplemente quiere estudiar y por ello perdió parte de su oído, no tiene mucho movimiento en la parte izquierda de su rostro y ha sido "arrancada" junto con su familia de su país que tanto ama, a pesar de todo.

Malala ejemplo de valentía por una lucha tan noble: la educación.

Ella tiene una fundación, que ha sido muy bien apadrinada por Angelina Jolie.

ENGLISH: 

Malala was also moved before his attack, as now in Syria. He took me to resume writing Malala, because it talks about many things in his book, it's like really out another world she talks to us and we are so far removed from your reality ... and yet not. 

Within education, while there girls have died from going to school, school facilities have been blown to pieces with teachers and students in, for the simple fact of letting in girls ... while here in Morelia, there are people who are given the "luxury" of paying for a secondary education of their children about $ 150,000 Mexican pesos.

While beyond being able to have access to books, go breakfasted is a luxury that many people here without having a comfortable financial position, they decide to put their children in private schools for their children to have a better "quality" of studies, for belonging to a social class that mostly is not theirs, in short, a "great sacrifice" is paying so much money, as if that were out to ensure the success of your future. 

Here in my country, it has devalued the public school, but with a middle or high school private school parents may buy a property, maybe half of a small house, land, or buying a new car is paid for add a context. 

Here in my country there are hundreds and hundreds of people who do not complete their studies because of laziness, not titled, they not continue.

We are completely out of step with what they experience in other countries, immersed in the vision that major countries want to sell. 

Malala For the fact is very simple, just want to study and therefore lost part of his ear, not much movement on the left side of his face and has been "ripped off" with his family in his country he loves, despite all. 

Malala example of courage for such a noble struggle: education. 

She has a foundation that has been well sponsored by Angelina Jolie.

See you soon!

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

beremendoza@gmail.com

Malala, tu política!. PART ONE

Para todas las jóvenes que se han enfrentado a la injusticia y han sido silenciadas. 

Juntas, nos haremos oír.

For all young people who have faced injustice and have been silenced. 

Together, we'll hear.

Malala Yousafzai

Es el inicio del libro; Yo soy Malala. Vuelvo a retomar hablar de Malala porque acabo de terminar el libro y realmente me preocupan varias situaciones que expondré a continuación.

It is the beginning of the book; I am Malala. Again I return to talk about Malala because I just finished the book and really care about several situations that I set out below.

Retomando, quién es Malala?, Comienzo con el Prólogo:

Soy de un país que nació a medianoche. Cuando estuve a punto de morir era poco después de mediodía. 

Hace un año salí de casa para ir a la escuela y no regresé. Me dispararon una bala talibán y me sacaron inconsciente de Pakistán.

Malala, pakistaní, desde pequeña y muy en parte influenciada y animada por su padre, comenzaron juntos una lucha en pro de la educación de las niñas en Pakistán. Sin embargo, los talibanes vieron en ella una amenaza y quisieron asesinarla.

Returning, Malala ?, who start with the Prologue: 

I am from a country that was born at midnight. When I was about to die was shortly after noon. 

A year ago I left home to go to school and did not return. I fired a Taliban bullet and took me unaware of Pakistan. 

Malala, a Pakistani, from very small and partly influenced and encouraged by his father, started together in a fight for education for girls in Pakistan. However, the Taliban saw it as a threat and wanted to kill her.

La política de Malala ha sido el bien de las personas, educarse, estudiar, disciplinarse y ayudar a los más pobres. Otorgar a los de menos recursos, la posibilidad de estudiar. Y todo ello bajo condiciones extremas, condiciones que no imaginamos.

Hemos estado tan ajenos de la manera en que viven otros países, dada la influencia de los grandes países, que casi es inimaginable cómo viven en otros lugares del mundo.

Malala policy has been the good of the people, educate, study, discipline and help the poor. Grant the less resources, the possibility of studying. And all under extreme conditions, conditions not imagine. 

We have been so oblivious to how other countries live, given the influence of the large countries, it is almost unimaginable how they live elsewhere in the world.

Y a pesar de que yo no tengo tanta información sobre política, tampoco la entiendo mucho, como ella describe en su libro, pude observar algunos patrones de cómo se han ido dando las cosas en Michoacán y los talibanes en Pakistán.

And even though I have not much information about politics, not understand it much, as she describes in her book, I could see how some employers have been taking things in Michoacán and the Taliban in Pakistan.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

Policy for each race

POLÍTICA PARA CADA RAZA

Hace unos días estaba platicando con una persona sobre la gran diferencia que hay entre los seres humanos y sus costumbres, lo diferentes que somos, a pesar de que somos todos humanos y nuestro ADN es similar, pareciera que somos diferentes tipos de animales.

A few days ago I was talking to someone about the great difference between human beings and their ways, how different they are, even though we are all human and our DNA is similar, it seems that we are different types of animals.

Cómo es que algunas razas se pueden organizar para cuidar su calidad de vida, para mejorar su medio ambiente, para ser pacíficas y para vivir tranquilamente, mientras que otras viven como pueden, llenos de gente, sin calidad de vida, otros alegres pero amontonados, en fin, somos tan similares y tan diferentes.

How is that some breeds can be arranged to take care of your quality of life, to improve their environment, to be peaceful and to live quietly, while others live as they can, full of people, no quality of life, other cheerful but crowded, in short, we are so similar and so different.

Definitivamente dada esta situación, no podemos exigir la misma política para cada país, para cada raza, inclusive para cada estado. En México por ejemplo, los del norte no se parecen a los del sur. Aún en mi estado, Michoacán, dicen que no nos parecemos los de la capital a los de tierra caliente, allá son más aguerridos... políticas diferentes para cada región??

Definitely given this situation, we can not demand the same policy for each country, for each race, including for each state. In Mexico for example, the North does not seem to south. Even in my state, Michoacán, we seem to say not the capital of the hot earth, there are more seasoned ... different policies for each region?

Qué pasa en tu región?, todos con la misma política? Porqué, si somos tan diferentes?

What's happening in your region?, All with the same policy? Why, if we are so different?

Platicando ayer con una amiga, después de la publicación de este blog, me decía que mi visión se confunde como racista, aunque traté de explicarle que no es así, me pidió que pusiera esta nota diciendo que no es que sea una visión racista, sino una cuestión de diferentes costumbres.

Talking yesterday with a friend, after the publication of this blog, I said that my vision is confused as racist, but tried to explain that no, she asked me to put this note saying not that it is a racist view, but a matter of different customs.

Estaremos de vacaciones unas semanas :)

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

SALVADOR JARA, NUEVO GOBERNADOR INTERINO

En mi blog pasado hablé sobre la esperanza para Michoacán con el hecho de la renuncia definitiva de Fausto Vallejo como Gobernador. Para la clase política, dicen algunos, fue una sorpresa que un rector, como lo es Salvado Jara, Físico Matemático, pudiera llegar a ser el nuevo Gobernador Interino del Michoacán.

In my last blog I spoke about hope for Michoacán with the fact the final resignation as Governor Fausto Vallejo. For the political class, some say it was a surprise that a rector, such as Salvador Jara, Physicist Mathematician, could become the new Governor of Michoacán.

Muchas personas tienen la esperanza del cambio, con alguien que es apartidista, que ha sido elegido con bases académicas de ciencia. En lo particular, que me ha tocado trabajar de cerca y de la de mis amistades, sabemos que hay mucha posibilidad de un gran cambio para el estado.

Many people hope for change, with someone who is non-partisan, which has been freely chosen academic science. In particular, I have worked closely and my friends, we know there is much chance of a big change for the state.

Esperando que no desistan ante la presión del Presidente de México y de la Federación. Como ahora el hecho de que el líder de las autodefensas, Mireles, esté ya preso en el penal de máxima seguridad de Sonora. Sabemos que la situación no es fácil, pero tampoco imposible.

Hoping that do not give in to pressure from the President of Mexico and the Federation. Like now that the leader of the self-Mireles, is already imprisoned in maximum security prison of Sonora. We know that the situation is not easy, but not impossible.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

Farewell to Fausto, Hope for Michoacán?

ADIÓS A FAUSTO, ESPERANZA PARA MICHOACÁN??

La partida de Fausto Vallejo como Gobernador de Michoacán es una esperanza para nosotros. Por un lado, ha dicho que ha sido por motivos de salud por lo cual deja la Gobernatura. Sin embargo lo que se dice es toda la problemática que ha tenido desde que a su hijo se le ha vinculado con el narcotráfico.

Fausto Vallejo's departure as governor of Michoacán is a hope for us. On the one hand, he said that it was for health reasons so lets Gobernatura. But what is said is all the problems he has had since his son has been linked to drug trafficking.

Pero al leer lo que el Universal publica: 

De acuerdo a la constitución del estado de Michoacán, no se convocará a nuevas elecciones puesto que Vallejo alcanzó más de dos años al frente de la administración del gobierno, de modo que un gobernador interino deberá ocupar su puesto en tanto el congreso local designa a un gobernador sustituto que pueda concluir el periodo oficial.

Nos damos una idea de que realmente lo que sucede es que todo ya estaba planeado para no convocar a nuevas elecciones.

But reading what the Universal reports: 

According to the constitution of the state of Michoacán, not convene new elections since Vallejo with more than two years in charge of the administration of government, so that an interim governor should take his place as the local Congress appoints a substitute governor may conclude that the official period. 

We get a sense of what really happens is that everything was already planned not to call new elections.

Adiós a Fausto, gracias por su partida, se va la flojera?, a mi que me tocó trabajar en un lugar muy cercano a él, después del Gobernador Godoy, el trabajo disminuyó considerablemente, hacer casi nada, se notó la diferencia abismal, aunque después entendí que el señor casi nunca estuvo presente. Fue despedir a miles, quitar cientos de trabajos, y a mi que me tocó redactar los nombramientos, la gran mayoría de gente mayor, y hombres representando un 90% en los puestos de confianza.

Good bye to Fausto, thanks for his parture. To me that I had to work very close to him instead, after Governor Godoy, work decreased significantly, do almost anything, the huge difference was noted, although I understood that after Mr almost was never present. It was laying off thousands, remove hundreds of jobs, and that I had to write my appointments, the vast majority of older people, and men representing 90% posts of trust.

Tengo la esperanza de que pueda llegar alguien bien.

I hope I can get someone good.

Ahora entendemos muchas cosas que estaban mal en el estado, tal vez inclusive por eso no tengamos postulantes para rector de nuestra universidad. Estaban esperando el cambio.

We now understand many things that were wrong in the state, perhaps even why we do not have candidates for rector of our university. They were waiting for the change.

De acuerdo a lo que dice el Universal, 

El Congreso Estatal está a la espera de que formalice la solicitud de licencia definitiva durante las próximas horas. En un lapso de 30 días, los legisladores locales deberán nombrar a un interino.

According to what the Universal, 

The State Congress is waiting to formalize the final license application during the next hours. In a span of 30 days, local legislators should appoint an interim.

Aunque según lo que dicen, Castillo será el interino.

Although as they say, will be the interim Castillo.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

WHAT IS YOUR POLICY FOR ECOLOGY. Part three

ECOLOGY AND FOOD

We have not talked about ecology and food, I just just read a article about it, so here I leave the league. Will not speak much now about ecology.

What is your policy on meat? About food and ecology?, How much you eat meat?, What do you think? 


News of Michoacán.

Michoacán has changes, it appears that the Governor Fausto ask permission again, and it seems that this time ask permission to the rest of what's left. 

There are many rumors about why will ask permission issues that relate to your family, or it can be a pact with the federal government already had for years, among other things. Actually maybe just some know it.

We fear that the federal government is the rule that full also apparently want to stay for the next elections.

I read you, until next monday.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

What is your policy for ecology. Part two

Before we begin, I want to mention that in Michoacan lately there have been no relevant news, but many rains and earthquakes.

Now talk about ecological and political animals. How much respect you have for the creatures that are not human? Have you ever killed an animal that is not considered fever?

Obviously this issue also includes religion in some countries, where the animals are well respected in Mexico if we can kill without problems in our flies, cockroaches, crickets, etc houses. But how much awareness you have for example to eat meat and not realize that an animal gave his life for you to feed you?

Here many people are used to go visit the Monarch butterfly, are very famous, yet very few people have the awareness that the visit certainly will contribute to the death of tens of them.

Also by many groups in defense of animals have discussed the issue of captive dolphins and one without being aware anything with them, helping them to live in captivity and suffer terribly.

You take your kids to the circus? They have trained circus animals? He has also been in Mexico on this issue, many people have no awareness of the suffering of animals to humans have fun.

Visitors to the zoo? At least here in Morelia is a super small zoo that pool a lot of animals, many of them live terribly affected psychologically, and this always crowded with children and parents who are not aware of them instead.

Well!, What can I say of those who unconsciousness on a life of living beings mistreat animals. And of street dogs ... well, lots to talk about it. 

So tell me, what is your policy when you go on vacation, to attend the zoo or the circus, or pests you may have in your home? How much awareness do you have and share with others?

Humans have a habit of wanting to control everything, even the natural way of living animals.

I read you. Until next monday!

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

beremendoza@gmail.com

What is your policy for ecology?

Actually took several minutes thinking about what ecology covers, the topic is very broad, ecology  is in everything we do, from getting up... until asleep.

Trees .

I decided to start with this issue because a few days ago to do a small shopping plaza they took some beautiful trees, 4 actually one took more than a week to remove , these safe trees had more than 50 years , they were about 10 meters minimum.

As we do not live in an ecological zone are not biasing to compensate the damage or not!, but I wonder that owner who is indebted to nature, what their policy?

Thou hast felled trees, why did you do that?, have planted many trees, many plants do you car , what is your policy on the plants and trees around you?

Many trees have furniture in your house?, Account sheets and everything that can give you a tree! , Perhaps you recycle the leaves?, you take care of your wood furniture?

For years I follow the blog of Leonora Esquivel , she has written about the importance of neighbors organize ourselves. Here I leave some readings in Spanish on the trees. One. Two. Three.

The demolition of a tree represents nothing more the fact, but also the animals that live there. With so much heat that it does now, the trees were grateful for the cool shade they provide.

What is your policy with trees?

I read you. 

Until next monday!

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

What is your policy?

Every day we get up in the morning and I think most of us do not think that if the laws were passed, which if approved, will have done what Congressman or Senator that, if we stick now such a law, if applied or not be better if such political health, whether it will be better this or that political thing.

I thought maybe we would not apply the theory policy if we do not want, ie does not affect us much if we decided well in our lives, do not know if I understand what I'm saying. For example, in every family there are different rules or different policies for different things in a house you can eat meat or not, or can not exercise, it may or may not be kind to others, it may or may not have recycling, it may or may not be expected to read, study, save, invest, work, etc, etc.

In the next few blogs will address issues relating to your own policies, and that you have to have your family, and also see what they say or do not say the laws.

Since many people from other parts of the world are interested in what is happening in Michoacan, at the end a short summary of what is happening in the week. 

Michoacán: This week Castle, one of those who govern us, gave uniforms to self defense. There earthquake and rained in Michoacan.

I read you.

Until next monday!.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

bere.m.carbajal@gmail.com

Michoacán, becoming history, part two.

An apology for not writing since so often, it's actually really complicated situation in Michoacán, we are concerned not know what will happen and I run out some ideas for writing, so I think it's better to describe what has happened of late.

In government there are super-weird things, like the fact that Mr. Guzman, is now the chief of staff, since it did not exist, that even is not stipulated in the Organic Law of Public Administration, therefore, not in the chart , his position is above all Secretaries, including Secretary. 

Currently the Governor has returned after quite serious health problems, so it is said that the ruler is Guzman, Alfredo Castillo or Lord Commissioner of Security in Michoacán.

Total, between them becomes one no good, really bad state. A few weeks ago I went to Uruapan, sadly saw that the road was free seals are the "Self-Defense" wheels that do not look good on the road. And for the full federal highway police. Who gave you money to many weapons to "Self-Defense" and for their trucks? . . . are advancing, will be for good? or not?

We say international analysts that what suits Mexico is the police single command, which is apparently what they are already doing in Michoacán, but looking on the internet well it does not say how it operates, but I did find here a league that can give a good review.

Fausto has had political problems, many speak of their children are also involved in serious trouble a few days ago, in the march of May, were in a ceremony Labor Day and someone shouted something that did not seem to Governor wanted and how to cope, I do not know who the mere hour and tempers heated and you threw it up coins and bottles, you can see the story.

Anyway, do not stop, continue and will continue with things ... meanwhile, I hope writing here follow. 

I read you.

Berenice Mendoza Carbajal.

bere.m.carbaja@gmail.com

The policy has disappointed me

How many times have we heard that the policy you down? Well, I was in a course in which there was much talk of politics. 

It was mentioned that in Mexico the decisions it takes one or two people, where you put your finger in the subject whatsoever, find problems where you do not do things right.

In Michoacán currently things go wrong in all or almost all political. The federal government is now the ruler, our governor is very sick at the entrance of the federal government have made layoffs of many people, people entered the capital of Mexico. Security equal to the federal government. The University is experiencing serious economic problems that can lead to close. Shortly tourism in Michoacán, thanks to all the promotion of insecurity have been made.

But the reality is that we are far from understanding what really happens in the areas where decisions are made. Well said Socrates of Athens, I just know that I know nothing ...

I've been thinking a lot about what is common citizen should know about politics, earthly say talking, I found a way, as discussed in the next blog. 

I read you.